貿易通2019 年年報

Notes to the Financial Statements (Continued) 財務報表附註 （續） 二零一九年年報 貿易通電子貿易有限公司 143 2 Accounting estimates and judgements (Continued) Investments in associates The Group reviews internal and external sources of information at the end of each reporting period to identify indications that the Group’s interest in Guangdong Nanfang Haian Science & Technology Service Company Limited (“Nanfang”), an associate of the Group ( Note 16 ), may be impaired or an impairment loss previously recognised no longer exists or may have decreased. The Group estimates the interest in Nanfang’s recoverable amount when any such indication exists. The recoverable amount of the interest in Nanfang, or of the cash-generating unit to which it belongs, is the greater of its net selling price and value in use. In assessing whether there is any impairment in the carrying value of the Group’s interest in Nanfang, management may take into consideration the projected volume and activity level, future growth rate, and cash flows of the underlying business of Nanfang, discounted to present value at the risk-adjusted discount rate. These projections are based on assumptions that take into consideration management’s knowledge of Nanfang’s business environment and their judgement on future performance and underlying risks. There is inherent uncertainty in the estimation process and the underlying assumptions relating to the future, and accordingly actual performance may differ significantly from the projection. Investments in debt securities For investment in debt securities measured at FVOCI, the Group recognises a loss allowance equal to 12-month ECLs unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk of the debt securities since initial recognition, in which case the loss allowance is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs. As explained in Note 1(k)(i) , ECL is remeasured at each reporting date to reflect changes in the debt securities’ credit risk since initial recognition. In measuring ECL, the Group takes into account reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost or effort. This includes information about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions. The evaluation of credit risk of a debt security requires analysis of the credit standing of a particular issuer and involves management judgement. When assessing credit risk of debt securities, the Group places emphasis on issuer specific factors, such as significant financial difficulty, default or delinquency on interest or principal payments. A credit rating downgrade, worsened liquidity or decline in fair value below the amortised cost is not by itself considered a loss event, but rather incorporated in the credit risk analysis along with other available information. Particular attention will be on those individual debt securities for which there was a cumulative fair value loss at each reporting date. 2 會計估計及判斷（續） 於聯營公司的投資 本集團於每個報告期末審閱內部及外界所得 資料，以確定本集團所持聯營公司廣東南方 海岸科技服務有限公司（「南方」）權益（ 附註 16 ）是否出現減值或先前已確認的減值虧損 不再存在或已經減少的跡象。倘出現有關情 況，本集團會估計所持南方權益的可收回金 額。所持南方權益的可收回金額（或所歸屬 的現金產生單位）為售價淨值與使用價值之 較高者。於評估本集團於南方的權益賬面值 有否出現減值時，管理層亦考慮到南方相關 業務的預測活動量及水平、未來增長率以及 現金流量，並已按風險調整貼現率貼現至現 值。有關預測乃基於若干假設而作出，有關 假設乃根據管理層對南方的業務環境的認識 以及其對日後表現與相關風險的判斷而作 出。由於估計的過程及有關未來的相關假設 存在固有的不確定性，因此實際表現與所預 測者或會出現重大差別。 於債務證券的投資 就透過其他全面收益按公允價值計量的債務 證券的投資而言，本集團確認相等於 12 個月 預期信貸虧損的虧損撥備，惟債務證券的信 貸風險自初步確認並無大幅增加則除外，而 在該情況下，虧損撥備按相等於全期預期信 貸虧損的金額計量。誠如 附註 1(k)(i) 所述，預 期信貸虧損按各報告日期計量，反映債務證 券自初步確認的信貸風險變動。計量預期信 貸虧損時，本集團計及毋須不必要成本或努 力可得且合理可靠的資料。此包括過往事 件、現行狀況及未來經濟狀況預測的資料。 對債務證券的評估需要分析特定發行人的信 用狀況，並涉及管理層的判斷。在評估債務 證券的信貸風險時，本集團強調發行人的具 體因素，如重大財務困難、逾期或拖欠利息 或本金。信用評級下降、流動性惡化或公允 價值下降而低於攤餘成本本身不被視為虧損 事件，而是與其他可用資料一起納入信貸風 險分析。特別注意在每個報告日期有累計公 允價值虧損的債務證券。