貿易通 2020 年年報

二零二零年年報 貿易通電子貿易有限公司 143 Notes to the Financial Statements (Continued) 財務報表附註（續） 1 主要會計政策（續） (v) 其他合約成本（續） 履約成本於成本直接與現有合約或 特定識別的預測合約有關時資本 化；產生或增加資源將於未來用作 提供貨品或服務；並預期收回。與現 有合約或特定識別的預測合約直接 相關的成本或包括直接勞工、直接 物料、成本分配、客戶明確應付的成 本及僅因本集團訂立合約（如承包商 付款）而產生的其他成本。其他未如 存貨、物業、廠房及設備或無形資產 資本化的履約成本則於產生時確認 開支。 資本化合約成本按成本減累計攤銷 及減值虧損列賬。減值虧損於合約 成本資產的賬面值超出以下項目淨 額時確認： (i) 本集團預期換取貨品或 服務而收取資產相關的代價的餘 額，減 (ii) 直接與提供該等貨品或服 務有關且尚未確認為開支的任何成 本。 資本化合約成本的攤銷於資產相關 的收益獲確認時於損益中計算。有 關收益確認的會計政策載於 附註 1(d) 。 (w) 政府補助金 當合理確認將會收取且本集團將會 遵守其所附帶的條件時，則會在財 務狀況表內初始確認政府補助金。 補償本集團已產生開支的補助金於 產生有關開支的同一期間按系統化 基準於損益內確認為收入。就資產 成本補償本集團的補助金自資產賬 面值扣除，其後以扣減折舊開支的 方式於資產可使用年期內在損益內 實際確認。 1 Significant accounting policies (Continued) (v) Other contract costs (Continued) Costs to fulfil a contract are capitalised if the costs relate directly to an existing contract or to a specifically identifiable anticipated contract; generate or enhance resources that will be used to provide goods or services in the future; and are expected to be recovered. Costs that relate directly to an existing contract or to a specifically identifiable anticipated contract may include direct labour, direct materials, allocations of costs, costs that are explicitly chargeable to the customer and other costs that are incurred only because the Group entered into the contract (for example, payments to sub-contractors). Other costs of fulfilling a contract, which are not capitalised as inventory, property, plant and equipment or intangible assets, are expensed as incurred. Capitalised contract costs are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses. Impairment losses are recognised to the extent that the carrying amount of the contract cost asset exceeds the net of (i) remaining amount of consideration that the Group expects to receive in exchange for the goods or services to which the asset relates, less (ii) any costs that relate directly to providing those goods or services that have not yet been recognised as expenses. Amortisation of capitalised contract costs is charged to profit or loss when the revenue to which the asset relates is recognised. The accounting policy for revenue recognition is set out in Note 1(d) . (w) Government grants Government grants are recognised in the statement of financial position initially when there is reasonable assurance that they will be received and that the Group will comply with the conditions attaching to them. Grants that compensate the Group for expenses incurred are recognised as income in profit or loss on a systematic basis in the same periods in which the expenses are incurred. Grants that compensate the Group for the cost of an asset are deducted from the carrying amount of the asset and consequently are effectively recognised in profit or loss over the useful life of the asset by way of reduced depreciation expense.