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Tradelink Electronic Commerce Limited
貿易通電子貿易有限公司
138
Notes to the Financial Statements
財務報表附註
26 Financial risk management and fair values
Exposure to credit, liquidity, interest rate and currency risk arises in the
normal course of the Group’s business. These risks are limited by the
Group’s financial management policies and practices described below.
(a) Credit risk
The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to trade receivables
and investments in debt securities. Management has a credit policy
in place and the exposures to these credit risks are monitored on an
ongoing basis.
When registering as a subscriber, a customer is automatically
assigned with a credit limit based on the amount of its deposit or
bank guarantee and is normally given credit periods ranging from
one day to one month. Credit terms offered by other companies of
the Group are based on individual commercial terms negotiated with
customers. The amount of deposit is determined on a customer-by-
customer basis, depending on its usage of the Company’s services.
Generally, if a customer reaches or exceeds its credit limit before the
normal billing cycle, an ad hoc bill will be issued to the customers for
payment by bank direct debit. However, if a customer is in default of
payment for whatever reason, its account is automatically suspended
from operation until all outstanding charges have been fully settled.
For that reason, customers may also, and often do, place deposits
with the Company from time to time to cover their charges.
There is, however, no credit policy for the Company’s ad hoc
customers who are required to pay the relevant charges (including
service charges, service centre handling fees and Government fees)
in full when using the Company over-the-counter services.
Investments in debt securities are normally in liquid securities
quoted on a recognised stock exchange, issued by corporate with
sound credit standing
(Note 18)
. Given their high credit standing,
management does not expect any investment counterparty to fail
to meet its obligations. Nevertheless, the Group’s financial advisor
monitors the situation and will notify the Group of any change. In
addition, the Investment Committee undertakes annual reviews of
the Group’s exposures.
The Group’s exposure to credit risk from trade receivables is
influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer
rather than the industry or country in which the customers operate
and therefore significant concentrations of credit risk primarily arise
when the group has significant exposure to individual customers.
At the end of the reporting period, 6.1% (2015: 6.9%) and 23.0%
(2015: 20.0%) of the total trade receivables was due from the
Group’s largest customer and the five largest customers respectively.
26
財務風險管理及公允價值
在本集團的日常業務過程中，會遇上信貸、流動資
金、利率及外匯風險。該等風險受到本集團於下文載
述的財務管理政策及常規所限制。
(a)
信貸風險
本集團的信貸風險主要源自應收賬款及債務證券
投資。管理層已訂有一套信貸政策，以持續監控
該等信貸風險。
當客戶登記為用戶時，本集團會根據客戶的按金
或銀行擔保金額，自動為客戶分配一個信貸額
度，信貸期通常介乎一日至一個月不等。本集團
旗下其他公司所給予的信貸期乃基於有關公司與
客戶商訂的個別商業條款而定。本公司會按客戶
使用本公司服務的用量，而為客戶個別釐定按金
金額。一般而言，如客戶在正常付款週期前達到
或超逾本身的信貸額度，將會向有關客戶發出臨
時賬單，要求有關客戶以銀行直接付款方式支
付。然而，如客戶因任何理由未有付款，則其賬
戶將會自動暫停運作，直至尚欠費用獲全數繳付
為止。基於上述理由，客戶或會（亦往往會）不時
向本公司存入按金，以作支付費用之用。
然而，本公司並未為臨時客戶訂立信貸政策。該
等客戶須於使用本公司的櫃枱服務時，全數支付
有關費用（包括服務費、服務中心手續費及政府收
費）。
本集團的債務證券投資一般為於認可證券交易所
掛牌買賣，並由信貸評級良好的公司發行的流通
證券
（附註
18
）
。鑑於投資對手方具有高信貸評
級，管理層並不預期任何投資對手方會無法履行
責任。然而，本集團財務顧問會監察情況，如有
任何變動，將通知本集團。此外，投資委員會每
年檢討本集團風險。
本集團來自應收賬款的信貸風險主要受各客戶的
個別特性所影響而非客戶經營業務所在的行業或
國家所影響，因此信貸風險高度集中的情況主要
發生於本集團對個別客戶有重大風險承擔時產
生。於報告期末，
6.1%
（二零一五年：
6.9%
）及
23.0%
（二零一五年：
20.0%
）的應收賬款總額分
別為應收本集團的最大客戶及五大客戶的款項。